In July 2005 a campaign was launched in Hampshire to protest about the opening of the latest of the new “ME/CFS clinics.” The protest was led by a sufferer and a parent who cares for her severely daughter. Both were horrified that this was one more step on the road to psychiatrists claiming this illness, M.E., as their own, thus denying proper treatment to seriously ill people.
They point out that bio-medical research grants have not been awarded whilst the psychiatric-based interventions have had government funding to the amount of £8.5 million for establishing NHS Regional Clinics and
£2.6 million for the PACE and FINE trials. The “Pacing, Activity and CBT: A Randomised Evaluation” (PACE) and the “Fatigue Intervention by Nurses Evaluation” (FINE) trials are both psychological/psychiatrically-led trials involving Graded Exercise Treatment (GET) and Cognitive Behaviour Therapy (CBT) which apply specifically to M.E. These are potentially harmful to anyone with classical neurological M.E., as defined by the Canadian Criteria, since forced exercise can exacerbate cardiovascular problems. These techniques are practised through the new ME clinics.
On 4th July 2005 in the USA, a 23 year old man called Casey Fero died of Myalgic Encephalomyelitis (M.E.). He had suffered with the illness for at least fourteen years. In that time he had coped with the ignorance and disbelief of doctors and teachers.
The pathologist at the University of Wisconsin reported at the end of July 2005 that “Casey died of myocarditis: that is, his heart was infected with disease. There was inflammation, and the tissue was full of viral infection. Casey also had old fibrosis, indicating that the viral infection was not of a new onset.”
Casey’s death is extremely worrying for M.E. sufferers like Lauren Waddle and her family. Lauren, and thousands of other severely affected M.E. sufferers like her in this country, has experienced the same symptoms that Casey had exhibited during his illness.
Lauren first became ill in September 1997 with an initial diagnosis of Glandular Fever. Instead of recovering, she gradually deteriorated in health. This deterioration was exacerbated by inappropriate advice and expectations from Health and Education officials with no understanding of the illness M.E.
Eventually, even after gradually reducing her school timetable and giving up all extra–curricular activities, it became too much to attend school for even short periods. By the age of 15, Lauren was virtually bed bound and terribly isolated.
A major symptom of M.E. is body clock reversal and sleep disturbance, which meant that sometimes Lauren could not get to sleep until 6am and then woke only in time to have home tuition after 4pm. However, by sheer determination she managed to attain 5 A* GCSEs over 3 years.
By the age of 16, she could only make occasional trips out for very short periods. She and her parents considered it a good week if she spent 20 minutes in the library and visited the doctor! Now, at the age of 20, even such activity takes a real toll on her and sometimes she doesn’t leave the house for weeks at a time.
Wherever she does go out she needs a wheelchair and, of course, a carer to push her. The isolation this illness fosters cannot be underestimated. Lauren has no siblings and, perhaps understandably, only one friend from school keeps in touch.
Her parents have seen their once bubbly, confident, extrovert daughter reduced to someone who has missed all her teenage years living in pain, with dizziness, muscle-weakness, nausea, “brain-fog”, sleep-disturbance, temperature control problems and, last but not least, overwhelming fatigue.
As her father, Nigel, says, “To have to bath your 20 year old daughter and carry her upstairs to bed is heartbreaking. To have doctors tell you that it is “just M.E.” is insulting!”
He and his wife Sue are increasingly worried about the long-term effects of this illness upon Lauren’s health and are campaigning for greater awareness amongst the public and the medical profession. Sue says, “We have had a doctor tell us that Lauren needs to have a “can do, not a can’t do, attitude.” That man knew nothing about my daughter or he would have known that you would never meet a more positive girl. I hope he hangs his head in shame when he eventually educates himself to the reality of M.E. and its physiological basis. I aim to educate him!”
Professor Malcolm Hooper of the University of Sunderland says that the treatment (or lack of it) of M.E. sufferers in the UK is a national scandal. In a synopsis of the problem for a proposed UK Parliamentary Inquiry into the illness he says that it is time that the School of Psychiatrists who perpetuate the myth that M.E. is a “non disease” are held publicly accountable.
M.E. has been well-documented in medical literature for over 60 years. It was extensively documented and named by Dr. Melvin Ramsay, the Honorary Consultant Physician at the Infectious Diseases Department of the Royal Free Hospital in London for many years. He was a clinician at the Royal Free Hospital when a mass outbreak occurred in 1955. Before his death, Dr. Ramsay, echoing the sentiments of Professor Hooper, wrote: “The too facile assumption that such an entity – despite a long series of cases extending over several decades – can be attributed to psychological stress is simply untenable.”
M.E. has been recognised and classified as a serious neurological disorder by the World Health Organisation since 1969.
Professor Hooper points out that most experienced M.E. clinicians accept that some degree of encephalitis has occurred in patients with M.E., leading to damage of the brain stem. In M.E. there is evidence of disruption in ion channels in the cell membranes; such changes in ion channel function, found by Dr Abhijit Chaudhuri, offer a rational basis to explain the fluctuating symptoms experienced by M.E. sufferers. Such ion channel changes are known to be induced by physical activities, stress and fasting and these ion channel abnormalities in the myocardium may form the basis of cardiac dysfunction in M.E. sufferers. It is also known that some enteroviruses are implicated in M.E. and are known to damage the heart muscle. Dr. Vance Spence of Dundee University has also proved that free radical damage in the endothelium can adversely affect all major organs. These three separate studies show how patients with M.E. can suffer multi-organ damage.
There are thought to be about 250,000 people in the UK that sufferer with M.E., of which a quarter are severely affected, like Lauren. However, it is hard to know any statistics for certain, as there is no Department of Health (DoH) agreed rigorous diagnostic criteria and the DoH refuses to collate statistics.
So why, with such overwhelming international evidence of serious organic pathology is the Government so keen to listen to an influential group of psychiatrists who advocate Cognitive Behaviour Therapy and Graded Exercise Treatment for M.E. patients, delivered through a network of new ME/CFS clinics? The government has spent £11.2 Million in establishing these “centres of excellence” which can deliver nothing more than glorified coping strategies. Could it be that to acknowledge the extent of this dreadful illness would mean having to do something about it and invest money in bio-medical research to find causes, cures and treatments?
When US clinicians and researchers show that patients with M.E. are in effect in cardiac failure, not through the occlusion of the coronary vessels but because of mitochondrial dysfunction, which affects muscles, including the heart muscle; why are patients’ lives being put at risk by the prescribing of Graded Exercise “Therapy”, which could be life-threatening?
In desperation, Lauren’s parents have now formed a charity with other carers and sufferers to force a rethink by the medical profession and the Government. They have arranged a major conference for 12th May 2006 – M.E. Awareness Day – and have gained professional accreditation from Royal Colleges for doctors wishing to attend to gain Continuing Professional Development points. The speakers are eminent figures from the M.E. world that can assert the physical nature of this dreadful illness and provide overviews of the current, limited, research.
Dr Ian Gibson MP will also present an update on his forthcoming inquiry into M.E.
If this illness had been given the priority it should have received many years ago, instead of being denigrated as “Yuppie Flu” then perhaps a young man named Casey may have been alive today and Lauren, and many thousands like her, would not have to exist in a state of anxiety about their future. It is time that rigorous scientific evidence was considered by doctors and politicians over the non-scientific prognostications of a psychiatrist who asserts that “M.E. is simply a belief, the belief that one has an illness called M.E.”
Details of M.E. and the conference can be found at www.investinme.org .
Written by: Sue Stockton
January 2006
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